source: source/ariba/overlay/BaseOverlay.h @ 8606

// [License]
// The Ariba-Underlay Copyright
//
// Copyright (c) 2008-2009, Institute of Telematics, UniversitÀt Karlsruhe (TH)
//
// Institute of Telematics
// UniversitÀt Karlsruhe (TH)
// Zirkel 2, 76128 Karlsruhe
// Germany
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
// 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
// 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
// documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE OF TELEMATICS ``AS IS'' AND
// ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
// IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
// PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ARIBA PROJECT OR
// CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
// EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
// PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
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// NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
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//
// The views and conclusions contained in the software and documentation
// are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing
// official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Institute of
// Telematics.
// [License]

#ifndef BASEOVERLAY_H_
#define BASEOVERLAY_H_

#include <map>
#include <iostream>
#include <algorithm>
#include <ctime>
#include <list>
#include <vector>
#include <deque>
#include <boost/foreach.hpp>

#include "ariba/utility/messages.h"
#include "ariba/utility/types.h"
#include "ariba/utility/misc/Helper.h"
#include "ariba/utility/misc/Demultiplexer.hpp"
#include "ariba/utility/logging/Logging.h"
#include "ariba/utility/system/Timer.h"

#include "ariba/communication/EndpointDescriptor.h"
#include "ariba/communication/BaseCommunication.h"
#include "ariba/communication/CommunicationEvents.h"

#include "ariba/overlay/modules/OverlayInterface.h"
#include "ariba/overlay/modules/OverlayFactory.h"
#include "ariba/overlay/modules/OverlayStructureEvents.h"
#include "ariba/overlay/OverlayBootstrap.h"

// forward declarations
namespace ariba {
  class NodeListener;
  class CommunicationListener;
  class SideportListener;
}

using std::vector;
using std::list;
using std::cout;
using std::map;
using std::make_pair;
using std::pair;
using std::find;
using std::deque;

// ariba interface
using ariba::NodeListener;
using ariba::SideportListener;
using ariba::CommunicationListener;

// overlay
using ariba::overlay::OverlayBootstrap;

// communication
using ariba::communication::EndpointDescriptor;
using ariba::communication::BaseCommunication;
using ariba::communication::CommunicationEvents;

// utilities
using ariba::utility::NodeID;
using ariba::utility::SpoVNetID;
using ariba::utility::LinkID;
using ariba::utility::Identifier;
using ariba::utility::ServiceID;
using ariba::utility::QoSParameterSet;
using ariba::utility::SecurityParameterSet;
using ariba::utility::Demultiplexer;
using ariba::utility::MessageReceiver;
using ariba::utility::MessageSender;
using ariba::utility::seqnum_t;
using ariba::utility::Timer;

namespace ariba {
namespace overlay {

using namespace ariba::addressing;

class LinkDescriptor;
class OverlayMsg;
class DHT;

class BaseOverlay: public MessageReceiver,
                public CommunicationEvents,
                public OverlayStructureEvents,
                protected Timer {

        friend class OneHop;
        friend class Chord;
        friend class ariba::SideportListener;

        use_logging_h( BaseOverlay );

public:

        /**
         * Constructs an empty non-functional base overlay instance
         */
        BaseOverlay();

        /**
         * Destructs a base overlay instance
         */
        virtual ~BaseOverlay();

        /**
         * Starts the Base Overlay instance
         */
        void start(BaseCommunication& _basecomm, const NodeID& _nodeid);

        /**
         * Stops the Base Overlay instance
         */
        void stop();

        /**
         * Is the BaseOverlay instance started up yet
         */
        bool isStarted();

        /// Tries to establish a direct or overlay link
        const LinkID establishLink(     const EndpointDescriptor& ep,
                const NodeID& node, const ServiceID& service );

        /**
         * Starts a link establishment procedure to the specfied node
         * for the service with id service
         *
         * @param node Destination node id
         * @param service Service to connect to
         * @param linkid Link identifier to be used with this link
         */
        const LinkID establishLink(     const NodeID& remote,
                const ServiceID& service = OverlayInterface::OVERLAY_SERVICE_ID );

        /**
         * Starts a link establishment procedure to the specified
         * endpoint and to the specified service
         */
        const LinkID establishDirectLink( const EndpointDescriptor& endpoint,
                const ServiceID& service = OverlayInterface::OVERLAY_SERVICE_ID );

        /// drops a link
        void dropLink( const LinkID& link );

        /// sends a message over an existing link
        seqnum_t sendMessage(const Message* message, const LinkID& link );

        /// sends a message to a node and a specific service
        seqnum_t sendMessage(const Message* message, const NodeID& remote,
                const ServiceID& service = OverlayInterface::OVERLAY_SERVICE_ID);

        /**
         * Send out a message to all nodes that are known in the overlay structure.
         * Depending on the structure of the overlay, this can be very different.
         */
        void broadcastMessage(Message* message, const ServiceID& service);

        /**
         * Returns the end-point descriptor of a link.
         *
         * @param link the link id of the requested end-point
         * @return The end-point descriptor of the link's end-point
         */
        const EndpointDescriptor& getEndpointDescriptor(
                const LinkID& link = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED) const;

        /**
         * Get a list of overlay neighbors.
         *
         * @return A list of overlay neighbors.
         */
        vector<NodeID> getOverlayNeighbors(bool deep = true) const;

        /**
         * Returns a end-endpoint descriptor of a overlay neighbor.
         * If the node is not known -- an unspecified endpoint descriptor is
         * returned.
         *
         * @param node The node identifer of a overlay neighbor.
         * @return The end-point descriptor of the node or unspecified.
         */
        const EndpointDescriptor& getEndpointDescriptor(const NodeID& node) const;

        // TODO: Doc
        bool bind(CommunicationListener* listener, const ServiceID& sid);

        // TODO: Doc
        bool unbind(CommunicationListener* listener, const ServiceID& sid);

        // TODO: Doc
        bool bind(NodeListener* listener);

        // TODO: Doc
        bool unbind(NodeListener* listener);

        // TODO: Doc
        bool registerSidePort(SideportListener* _sideport);

        // TODO: Doc
        bool unregisterSidePort(SideportListener* _sideport);

        /**
         * Returns the own nodeID or the NodeID of the specified link
         *
         * @param lid The link identifier
         * @return The NodeID of the link
         */
        const NodeID& getNodeID(const LinkID& lid = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED) const;

        /**
         * Return all Links for the specified remote nodeid, or all links when
         * the node id given is set to unspecified
         *
         * @param nid The node id to request links for, or unspecified for all links
         * @return a vector that contains all the link ids requested
         */
        vector<LinkID> getLinkIDs(const NodeID& nid = NodeID::UNSPECIFIED) const;

        /**
         * Join a existing sponaneous virtual network (spovnet).
         *
         * @param id A spovnet identifier
         * @param boot A bootstrap node
         */
        void joinSpoVNet(const SpoVNetID& id, const EndpointDescriptor& boot = EndpointDescriptor::UNSPECIFIED());

        /**
         * Initiates a new spontaneous virtual network.
         * This makes this BaseOverlay to the SpoVNet-Initiator.
         *
         * @param id The spovnet identifier
         */
        void createSpoVNet(const SpoVNetID& id, const OverlayParameterSet& param =
                        OverlayParameterSet::DEFAULT, const SecurityParameterSet& sec =
                        SecurityParameterSet::DEFAULT, const QoSParameterSet& qos =
                        QoSParameterSet::DEFAULT);

        /**
         * Start the bootstrap modules
         */
        void startBootstrapModules(vector<pair<BootstrapManager::BootstrapType,string> > modules);

        /**
         * Stop the bootstrap modules
         */
        void stopBootstrapModules();

        /**
         * Let the node leave the SpoVNet.
         */
        void leaveSpoVNet();

        /// put a value to the DHT with a ttl given in seconds
        void dhtPut( const Data& key, const Data& value, int ttl = 0, bool replace = false, bool no_local_refresh = false);

        /// removes a key value pair from the DHT
        void dhtRemove( const Data& key, const Data& value );

        /// removes all data stored at the given key
        void dhtRemove( const Data& key );

        /// requests data stored using key
        void dhtGet( const Data& key, const ServiceID& service );

protected:
        /**
         * @see ariba::communication::CommunicationEvents.h
         */
        virtual void onLinkUp(const LinkID& id, const address_v* local,
                const address_v* remote);

        /**
         * @see ariba::communication::CommunicationEvents.h
         */
        virtual void onLinkDown(const LinkID& id, const address_v* local,
                const address_v* remote);

        /**
         * @see ariba::communication::CommunicationEvents.h
         */
        virtual void onLinkChanged(const LinkID& id,
                const address_v* oldlocal, const address_v* newlocal,
                const address_v* oldremote, const address_v* newremote);

        /**
         * @see ariba::communication::CommunicationEvents.h
         */
        virtual void onLinkFail(const LinkID& id, const address_v* local,
                const address_v* remote);

        /**
         * @see ariba::communication::CommunicationEvents.h
         */
        virtual void onLinkQoSChanged(const LinkID& id,
                const address_v* local, const address_v* remote,
                const QoSParameterSet& qos);

        /**
         * @see ariba::communication::CommunicationEvents.h
         */
        virtual bool onLinkRequest(const LinkID& id, const address_v* local,
                const address_v* remote);

        /**
         * Processes a received message from BaseCommunication
         *
         * In case of a message routed by the overlay the source identifies
         * the node the message came from!
         */
        virtual bool receiveMessage( const Message* message, const LinkID& link,
                const NodeID& );

        /**
         * This method is called, when a new node joined the network
         *
         * @see OverlayStructureEvents.h
         */
        virtual void onNodeJoin(const NodeID& node);

        /**
         * Timer Event method
         */
        virtual void eventFunction();

        //~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

        std::string getLinkHTMLInfo();

private:
        /// is the base overlay started yet
        bool started;

        /// The state of the BaseOverlay
        typedef enum _BaseOverlayState {
                BaseOverlayStateInvalid = 0,
                BaseOverlayStateCompleted = 1,
        } BaseOverlayState;

        BaseOverlayState state;         ///< Current Base-Overlay state
        BaseCommunication* bc;          ///< reference to the base communication
        NodeID nodeId;                  ///< the node id of this node
        SpoVNetID spovnetId;            ///< the spovnet id of the currently joined overlay
        vector<LinkID> bootstrapLinks;  ///< the link id of the link to the initiator node
        NodeID spovnetInitiator;        ///< The initiator node

        /// the service id communication listeners
        Demultiplexer<CommunicationListener*, ServiceID> communicationListeners;
        CommunicationListener* getListener( const ServiceID& id );

        /// the node listeners
        typedef vector<NodeListener*> NodeListenerVector;
        NodeListenerVector nodeListeners;

        /// the sideport listener
        SideportListener* sideport;

        /// the used overlay structure
        OverlayInterface* overlayInterface;

        /// Bootstrapper for our spovnet
        OverlayBootstrap overlayBootstrap;

        // message handlers --------------------------------------------------------

        /// demultiplexes a incoming message with link descriptor
        bool handleMessage( const Message* message, LinkDescriptor* ld,
                const LinkID bcLink = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED );

        // handle data and signalling messages
        bool handleData( OverlayMsg* msg, LinkDescriptor* ld );
        bool handleSignaling( OverlayMsg* msg, LinkDescriptor* ld );

        // handle join request / reply messages
        bool handleJoinRequest( OverlayMsg* msg, const LinkID& bcLink );
        bool handleJoinReply( OverlayMsg* msg, const LinkID& bcLink );

        // handle DHT messages
        bool handleDHTMessage( OverlayMsg* msg );

        // handle link messages
        bool handleLinkRequest( OverlayMsg* msg, LinkDescriptor* ld );
        bool handleLinkReply( OverlayMsg* msg, LinkDescriptor* ld );
        bool handleLinkUpdate( OverlayMsg* msg, LinkDescriptor* ld );
        bool handleLinkDirect( OverlayMsg* msg, LinkDescriptor* ld );
        bool handleLinkAlive( OverlayMsg* msg, LinkDescriptor* ld );


        // link state handling -----------------------------------------------------

        /// link state information counter
        int counter;

        /// The link mapping of the node
        vector<LinkDescriptor*> links;

        /// erases a link descriptor
        void eraseDescriptor(const LinkID& link, bool communication = false);

        /// returns a link descriptor for the given id
        LinkDescriptor* getDescriptor(const LinkID& link,
                        bool communication = false);

        /// returns a link descriptor for the given id
        const LinkDescriptor* getDescriptor(const LinkID& link,
                        bool communication = false) const;

        /// returns a auto-link descriptor for the given node and service id
        LinkDescriptor* getAutoDescriptor(const NodeID& node, const ServiceID& service);

        /// adds a new link descriptor or uses an existing one
        LinkDescriptor* addDescriptor(const LinkID& link = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED);

        /// stabilizes link information
        void stabilizeLinks();

        /// print the currently known links
        void showLinks();

        /// compares two arbitrary links to the same node
        int compare( const LinkID& lhs, const LinkID& rhs );

        // relay route management --------------------------------------------------

        /// relay route definitions
        class relay_route {
        public:
                NodeID  node;
                LinkID  link;
                uint8_t hops;
                time_t  used;
        };
        vector<relay_route> relay_routes;

        /// stabilize relay information
        void stabilizeRelays();

        /// refreshes relay information
        void refreshRelayInformation( const OverlayMsg* message, LinkDescriptor* ld );

        /// returns a known relay link
        LinkDescriptor* getRelayLinkTo( const NodeID& remote );

        /// removes relay link information
        void removeRelayLink( const LinkID& link );

        /// removes relay node information
        void removeRelayNode( const NodeID& link );

        // internal message delivery -----------------------------------------------

        /// routes a message to its destination node
        void route( OverlayMsg* message );

        /// sends a raw message to another node, delivers it to the base overlay class
        seqnum_t send( OverlayMsg* message, const NodeID& destination );

        /// send a raw message using a link descriptor, delivers it to the base overlay class
        seqnum_t send( OverlayMsg* message, LinkDescriptor* ld,
                bool ignore_down = false );

        /// send a message using a node id using overlay routing
        /// sets necessary fields in the overlay message!
        seqnum_t send_node( OverlayMsg* message, const NodeID& remote,
                const ServiceID& service = OverlayInterface::OVERLAY_SERVICE_ID);

        /// send a message using a node id using overlay routing using a link
        /// sets necessary fields in the overlay message!
        seqnum_t send_link( OverlayMsg* message, const LinkID& link,
                bool ignore_down = false );

        // distributed hashtable handling ------------------------------------------

        DHT* dht;
        DHT* localDHT;
        int republishCounter;

        void initDHT();
        void destroyDHT();
        void stabilizeDHT();
        void dhtSend( OverlayMsg* msg, const NodeID& dest );

        // misc --------------------------------------------------------------------

        std::string debugInformation();

        /**
         * nodes with pending joines. TODO: should be cleaned every
         * some seconds, add timestamps to each, and check on occasion
         */
        typedef vector<NodeID> JoiningNodes;
        JoiningNodes joiningNodes;

        void updateVisual();
};

}} // namespace ariba, overlay

#endif /*BASEOVERLAY_H_*/