| 1 | // [License]
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| 2 | // The Ariba-Underlay Copyright
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| 3 | //
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| 4 | // Copyright (c) 2008-2009, Institute of Telematics, UniversitÀt Karlsruhe (TH)
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| 5 | //
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| 6 | // Institute of Telematics
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| 7 | // UniversitÀt Karlsruhe (TH)
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| 8 | // Zirkel 2, 76128 Karlsruhe
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| 9 | // Germany
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| 10 | //
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| 11 | // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
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| 12 | // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
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| 13 | // met:
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| 14 | //
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| 15 | // 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
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| 16 | // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
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| 17 | // 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
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| 18 | // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
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| 19 | // documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
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| 20 | //
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| 21 | // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE INSTITUTE OF TELEMATICS ``AS IS'' AND
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| 22 | // ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
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| 23 | // IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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| 24 | // PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE ARIBA PROJECT OR
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| 25 | // CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
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| 26 | // EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
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| 27 | // PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR
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| 28 | // PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF
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| 29 | // LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING
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| 30 | // NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS
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| 31 | // SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
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| 32 | //
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| 33 | // The views and conclusions contained in the software and documentation
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| 34 | // are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing
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| 35 | // official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Institute of
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| 36 | // Telematics.
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| 37 | // [License]
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| 38 |
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| 39 | #include "ariba/overlay/BaseOverlay.h"
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| 40 |
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| 41 | #include "Chord.h"
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| 42 | #include "messages/ChordMessage.h"
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| 43 | #include "messages/Discovery.h"
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| 44 |
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| 45 | #include "detail/chord_routing_table.hpp"
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| 46 |
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| 47 | namespace ariba {
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| 48 | namespace overlay {
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| 49 |
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| 50 | typedef chord_routing_table::item route_item;
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| 51 |
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| 52 | use_logging_cpp( Chord );
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| 53 |
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| 54 | Chord::Chord(BaseOverlay& _baseoverlay, const NodeID& _nodeid,
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| 55 | OverlayStructureEvents* _eventsReceiver, const OverlayParameterSet& param) :
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| 56 | OverlayInterface(_baseoverlay, _nodeid, _eventsReceiver, param) {
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| 57 |
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| 58 | // create routing table
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| 59 | this->table = new chord_routing_table(_nodeid, 2);
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| 60 | orphan_removal_counter = 0;
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| 61 | stabilize_counter = 0;
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| 62 | stabilize_finger = 0;
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| 63 | bootstrapLink = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED;
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| 64 | }
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| 65 |
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| 66 | Chord::~Chord() {
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| 67 |
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| 68 | // delete routing table
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| 69 | delete table;
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| 70 | }
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| 71 |
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| 72 | /// helper: sets up a link using the base overlay
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| 73 | LinkID Chord::setup(const EndpointDescriptor& endp) {
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| 74 |
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| 75 | logging_debug("request to setup link to " << endp.toString() );
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| 76 | // establish link via base overlay
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| 77 | return baseoverlay.establishLink(endp, OverlayInterface::OVERLAY_SERVICE_ID);
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| 78 | }
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| 79 |
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| 80 | /// helper: sends a message using the "base overlay"
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| 81 | seqnum_t Chord::send(Message* msg, const LinkID& link) {
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| 82 | if (link.isUnspecified()) return 0;
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| 83 | return baseoverlay.sendMessage(msg, link);
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| 84 | }
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| 85 |
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| 86 | /// sends a discovery message
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| 87 | void Chord::send_discovery_to(const NodeID& destination, int ttl) {
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| 88 | logging_debug("Initiating discovery of " << destination.toString() );
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| 89 | Message msg;
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| 90 | ChordMessage cmsg(ChordMessage::discovery, nodeid, destination);
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| 91 | Discovery dmsg;
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| 92 | dmsg.setSourceEndpoint(&baseoverlay.getEndpointDescriptor());
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| 93 | dmsg.setFollowType(Discovery::normal);
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| 94 | dmsg.setTTL((uint8_t) ttl);
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| 95 | cmsg.encapsulate(&dmsg);
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| 96 | msg.encapsulate(&cmsg);
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| 97 | this->onMessage(&msg, NodeID::UNSPECIFIED, LinkID::UNSPECIFIED);
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| 98 | }
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| 99 |
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| 100 | void Chord::createOverlay() {
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| 101 | }
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| 102 |
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| 103 | void Chord::deleteOverlay() {
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| 104 |
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| 105 | }
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| 106 |
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| 107 | void Chord::joinOverlay(const EndpointDescriptor& boot) {
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| 108 | logging_info( "joining Chord overlay structure through end-point " <<
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| 109 | (boot == EndpointDescriptor::UNSPECIFIED ?
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| 110 | "local" : boot.toString()) );
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| 111 |
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| 112 | // initiator? no->setup first link
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| 113 | if (!(boot == EndpointDescriptor::UNSPECIFIED)) bootstrapLink = setup(boot);
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| 114 |
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| 115 | // timer for stabilization management
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| 116 | Timer::setInterval(2500);
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| 117 | Timer::start();
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| 118 | }
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| 119 |
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| 120 | void Chord::leaveOverlay() {
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| 121 | Timer::stop();
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| 122 | for (size_t i = 0; i < table->size(); i++) {
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| 123 | route_item* it = (*table)[i];
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| 124 | ChordMessage msg(ChordMessage::leave, nodeid, it->id);
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| 125 | send(&msg,it->info);
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| 126 | }
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| 127 | }
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| 128 |
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| 129 | const EndpointDescriptor& Chord::resolveNode(const NodeID& node) {
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| 130 | const route_item* item = table->get(node);
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| 131 | if (item == NULL || item->info.isUnspecified()) return EndpointDescriptor::UNSPECIFIED;
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| 132 | return baseoverlay.getEndpointDescriptor(item->info);
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| 133 | }
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| 134 |
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| 135 | void Chord::routeMessage(const NodeID& destnode, Message* msg) {
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| 136 | // get next hop
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| 137 | const route_item* item = table->get_next_hop(destnode);
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| 138 |
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| 139 | // message for this node? yes-> delegate to base overlay
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| 140 | if (item->id == nodeid) baseoverlay.incomingRouteMessage(msg);
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| 141 | else { // no-> send to next hop
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| 142 | ChordMessage cmsg(ChordMessage::route, nodeid, destnode);
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| 143 | cmsg.encapsulate(msg);
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| 144 | send(&cmsg, item->info);
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| 145 | }
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| 146 | }
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| 147 |
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| 148 | OverlayInterface::NodeList Chord::getKnownNodes() const {
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| 149 | OverlayInterface::NodeList nodelist;
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| 150 | for (size_t i = 0; i < table->size(); i++)
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| 151 | if ((*table)[i]->ref_count != 0
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| 152 | && !(*table)[i]->info.isUnspecified())
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| 153 | nodelist.push_back((*table)[i]->id);
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| 154 | return nodelist;
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| 155 | }
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| 156 |
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| 157 | /// @see CommunicationListener.h
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| 158 | /// @see OverlayInterface.h
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| 159 | void Chord::onLinkUp(const LinkID& lnk, const NodeID& remote) {
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| 160 | logging_debug("link_up: link=" << lnk.toString() << " remote=" <<
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| 161 | remote.toString() );
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| 162 | route_item* item = table->insert(remote);
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| 163 |
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| 164 | // item added to routing table?
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| 165 | if (item != NULL) { // yes-> add to routing table
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| 166 | logging_info("new routing neighbor: " << remote.toString()
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| 167 | << " with link " << lnk.toString());
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| 168 | item->info = lnk;
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| 169 | } else { // no-> add orphan entry to routing table
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| 170 | logging_info("new orphan: " << remote.toString()
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| 171 | << " with link " << lnk.toString());
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| 172 | table->insert_orphan(remote)->info = lnk;
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| 173 | }
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| 174 |
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| 175 | if (!bootstrapLink.isUnspecified() && lnk == bootstrapLink) {
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| 176 | send_discovery_to(nodeid);
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| 177 | bootstrapLink = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED;
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| 178 | }
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| 179 | }
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| 180 |
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| 181 | /// @see CommunicationListener.h or @see OverlayInterface.h
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| 182 | void Chord::onLinkDown(const LinkID& lnk, const NodeID& remote) {
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| 183 | logging_debug("link_down: link=" << lnk.toString() << " remote=" <<
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| 184 | remote.toString() );
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| 185 |
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| 186 | // remove link from routing table
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| 187 | route_item* item = table->get(remote);
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| 188 | if (item!=NULL) item->info = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED;
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| 189 | table->remove(remote);
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| 190 | }
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| 191 |
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| 192 | /// @see CommunicationListener.h
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| 193 | /// @see OverlayInterface.h
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| 194 | void Chord::onMessage(const DataMessage& msg, const NodeID& remote,
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| 195 | const LinkID& link) {
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| 196 |
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| 197 | // decode message
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| 198 | typedef ChordMessage M;
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| 199 | M* m = msg.getMessage()->convert<ChordMessage> ();
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| 200 | if (m == NULL) return;
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| 201 |
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| 202 | // handle messages
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| 203 | switch (m->getType()) {
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| 204 |
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| 205 | // invalid message
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| 206 | case M::invalid:
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| 207 | break;
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| 208 |
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| 209 | // route message with payload
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| 210 | case M::route: {
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| 211 | // find next hop
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| 212 | const route_item* item = table->get_next_hop(m->getDestination());
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| 213 |
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| 214 | // next hop == myself?
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| 215 | if (m->getDestination() == nodeid) { // yes-> route to base overlay
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| 216 | logging_debug("send message to baseoverlay");
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| 217 | baseoverlay.incomingRouteMessage(m);
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| 218 | }
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| 219 | // no-> route to next hop
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| 220 | else {
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| 221 | logging_debug("route chord message to " << item->id.toString() );
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| 222 | send(m, item->info);
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| 223 | }
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| 224 | break;
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| 225 | }
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| 226 |
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| 227 | // discovery request
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| 228 | case M::discovery: {
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| 229 | // decapsulate message
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| 230 | Discovery* dmsg = m->decapsulate<Discovery> ();
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| 231 | logging_debug("received discovery message with"
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| 232 | << " dest=" << m->getDestination().toString()
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| 233 | << " ttl=" << (int)dmsg->getTTL()
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| 234 | << " type=" << (int)dmsg->getFollowType()
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| 235 | );
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| 236 |
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| 237 | // check if source node can be added to routing table and setup link
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| 238 | if (m->getSource() != nodeid && table->is_insertable(m->getSource())) setup(
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| 239 | *dmsg->getSourceEndpoint());
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| 240 |
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| 241 | // delegate discovery message
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| 242 | switch (dmsg->getFollowType()) {
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| 243 |
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| 244 | // normal: route discovery message like every other message
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| 245 | case Discovery::normal:
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| 246 | // closest node? yes-> split to follow successor and predecessor
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| 247 | if (table->is_closest_to(m->getDestination())) {
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| 248 |
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| 249 | if (table->get_successor() != NULL) {
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| 250 | // send successor message
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| 251 | ChordMessage cmsg_s(*m);
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| 252 | Discovery dmsg_s(*dmsg);
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| 253 | dmsg_s.setFollowType(Discovery::successor);
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| 254 | cmsg_s.encapsulate(&dmsg_s);
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| 255 | route_item* succ_item = table->get(*table->get_successor());
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| 256 | logging_debug("split: routing discovery message to successor "
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| 257 | << succ_item->id.toString() );
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| 258 | send(&cmsg_s, succ_item->info);
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| 259 | }
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| 260 |
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| 261 | // send predecessor message
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| 262 | if (table->get_predesessor() != NULL) {
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| 263 | ChordMessage cmsg_p(*m);
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| 264 | Discovery dmsg_p(*dmsg);
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| 265 | dmsg_p.setFollowType(Discovery::predecessor);
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| 266 | cmsg_p.encapsulate(&dmsg_p);
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| 267 | route_item* pred_item = table->get(
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| 268 | *table->get_predesessor());
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| 269 | logging_debug("split: routing discovery message to predecessor "
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| 270 | << pred_item->id.toString() );
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| 271 | send(&cmsg_p, pred_item->info);
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| 272 | }
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| 273 | }
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| 274 | // no-> route message
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| 275 | else {
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| 276 | // find next hop
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| 277 | const route_item* item = table->get_next_hop(
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| 278 | m->getDestination());
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| 279 | if (item->id == nodeid) break;
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| 280 | logging_debug("routing discovery message to " <<
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| 281 | item->id.toString() );
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| 282 | send(m, item->info);
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| 283 | }
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| 284 | break;
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| 285 |
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| 286 | // successor mode: follow the successor until TTL is zero
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| 287 | case Discovery::successor:
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| 288 | case Discovery::predecessor: {
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| 289 | // time to live ended? yes-> stop routing
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| 290 | if (dmsg->getTTL() == 0) break;
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| 291 |
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| 292 | // decrease time-to-live
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| 293 | dmsg->setTTL(dmsg->getTTL() - 1);
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| 294 |
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| 295 | const route_item* item = NULL;
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| 296 | if (dmsg->getFollowType() == Discovery::successor &&
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| 297 | table->get_successor() != NULL) {
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| 298 | item = table->get(*table->get_successor());
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| 299 | } else {
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| 300 | if (table->get_predesessor()!=NULL)
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| 301 | item = table->get(*table->get_predesessor());
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| 302 | }
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| 303 | if (item == NULL) break;
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| 304 | logging_debug("routing discovery message to succ/pred "
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| 305 | << item->id.toString() );
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| 306 | ChordMessage cmsg(*m);
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| 307 | cmsg.encapsulate(dmsg);
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| 308 | send(&cmsg, item->info);
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| 309 | break;
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| 310 | }
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| 311 | }
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| 312 | break;
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| 313 | }
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| 314 |
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| 315 | // leave
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| 316 | case M::leave: {
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| 317 | if (link!=LinkID::UNSPECIFIED) {
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| 318 | route_item* item = table->get(remote);
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| 319 | if (item!=NULL) item->info = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED;
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| 320 | table->remove(remote);
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| 321 | baseoverlay.dropLink(link);
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| 322 | }
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| 323 | break;
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| 324 | }
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| 325 | }
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| 326 | }
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| 327 |
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| 328 | void Chord::eventFunction() {
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| 329 | if (!LinkID::UNSPECIFIED.isUnspecified())
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| 330 | logging_error("LinkID::UNSPECIFIED not unspecified!!!!");
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| 331 | stabilize_counter++;
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| 332 | if (stabilize_counter == 3) {
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| 333 | size_t numNeighbors = 0;
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| 334 | for (size_t i = 0; i < table->size(); i++) {
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| 335 | route_item* it = (*table)[i];
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| 336 | if (it->ref_count != 0 && !it->info.isUnspecified()) numNeighbors++;
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| 337 | }
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| 338 | logging_info("Running stabilization: #links="
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| 339 | << table->size() << " #neighbors=" << numNeighbors );
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| 340 | stabilize_counter = 0;
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| 341 | stabilize_finger = ((stabilize_finger+1) % table->get_finger_table_size() );
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| 342 | logging_debug("Sending discovery message to my neighbors and fingers");
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| 343 | const NodeID& disc1 = nodeid;
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| 344 | const NodeID& disc2 = table->get_finger_table(stabilize_finger).get_compare().get_center();
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| 345 | send_discovery_to(disc1);
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| 346 | if (disc1 != disc2) send_discovery_to(disc2);
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| 347 | orphan_removal_counter++;
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| 348 | if (orphan_removal_counter == 2) {
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| 349 | logging_info("Running orphan removal");
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| 350 | orphan_removal_counter = 0;
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| 351 | for (size_t i = 0; i < table->size(); i++) {
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| 352 | route_item* it = (*table)[i];
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| 353 | if (it->ref_count == 0 && !it->info.isUnspecified()) {
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| 354 | logging_info("Dropping orphaned link " << it->info.toString() << " to " << it->id.toString());
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| 355 | baseoverlay.dropLink(it->info);
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| 356 | it->info = LinkID::UNSPECIFIED;
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| 357 | }
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| 358 | }
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| 359 | }
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| 360 | }
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| 361 | logging_debug("--- chord routing information ----------------------------------");
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| 362 | logging_debug("predecessor: " << (table->get_predesessor()==NULL? "<none>" :
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| 363 | table->get_predesessor()->toString()) );
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| 364 | logging_debug("node_id : " << nodeid.toString() );
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| 365 | logging_debug("successor : " << (table->get_successor()==NULL? "<none>" :
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| 366 | table->get_successor()->toString()));
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| 367 | logging_debug("----------------------------------------------------------------");
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| 368 | }
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| 369 |
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| 370 | }
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| 371 | } // namespace ariba, overlay
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